Día de los Muertos
Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de los Muertos) is a traditional Mexican holiday celebrated from October 31 to November 2 each year, where families remember and honor their deceased loved ones. It blends indigenous Mesoamerican traditions with Spanish Catholicism, and while it coincides with Halloween, it is distinct in its purpose and customs.
Origins:
The holiday has roots in pre-Columbian civilizations, like the Aztecs, who held ceremonies to honor the dead, particularly the goddess Mictecacihuatl, the Lady of the Dead. After the Spanish conquest, these rituals merged with the Catholic holidays of All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day, forming the modern Día de los Muertos.
Traditions and Symbols:
The holiday celebrates the continuity of life, and its tone is often festive, rather than morbid. Families believe that the spirits of their deceased relatives return to the world of the living during this time.
Some of the main customs include:
Altars (Ofrendas): Families create elaborate altars in their homes or at gravesites, decorating them with photographs, candles, incense, marigold flowers (cempasúchil), and the favorite foods and drinks of the deceased. The altar acts as a beacon to guide the spirits back.
Sugar Skulls (Calaveras): These brightly colored skull-shaped candies are iconic symbols of the Day of the Dead. They represent the vitality of life, even in death.
La Catrina: A skeletal figure dressed in fancy clothing, La Catrina has become a symbol of the holiday. Created by Mexican artist José Guadalupe Posada, La Catrina is often depicted to satirize the wealthy who, despite their riches, cannot escape death.
Marigolds (Cempasúchil): Known as the flower of the dead, marigolds are believed to attract the souls of the dead back to the world of the living due to their vibrant color and strong scent.
Pan de Muerto: This special bread is baked during the celebration and placed on the altars. It is often flavored with orange zest and decorated to resemble bones.
